PEN America champions the freedom to write, recognizing the power of the word to transform the world. The bedrock work of the global PEN network is advocacy and assistance on behalf of individuals persecuted for their use of the written word or other forms of expression. PEN America’s Writers at Risk Database is a searchable catalog of the writers, journalists, academics, public intellectuals and others under threat around the world. The database includes historical cases PEN America has worked on from 1987 onwards; non-active cases are color-coded black. PEN America is grateful to the John Templeton Foundation for support that enabled the establishment of the Writers at Risk Database and to PEN International for their collaboration in assembling this database.

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After criticizing the government for its handling of COVID-19, playwright and blogger Li was detained in April 2020 and was later sentenced to one year in prison for “picking quarrels” in December. He was tried by the Beijing district of Haidian and his case was not well known until his…
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Li Liqun was an esteemed blogger and writer well-known by his pen name Li Huizi who blogged about fairness and justice and wrote poetry. Li took his own life on July 23, 2021, an act that came after years of being surveilled and harassed by the Chinese Communist Party. Li…
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Li was sentenced to ten years in prison in 2012 for ‘subversion of state power’ after writing critical online essays and pro-democracy leaning works. He did not have a fair trial, and was unable to appeal his sentence or choose his lawyer. He was released in September 2020. He reportedly…
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Chinese journalist Li Weizhong, who writes under the pen name Li Yuanfeng, was forcibly disappeared on October 10, 2024 and then transfered to criminal detention by the Hunan police on October 26 for “seeking obstacles and provoking trouble.” On November 15, 2024, it was revealed that he had been placed…
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Liu was arrested in April 2018 and sentenced to eight months in prison after he published two short stories about a fictional character that bore a resemblance to the chairperson of China’s largest dairy producer. ICPC reports that Liu was released on December 1, 2018.

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Liu Ermu is an online activist focused on environmental protection and human rights. He was summoned in 2016 by local police on suspicion of “picking quarrels and provoking trouble” because he published an online article protesting the increasingly serious smog problem in Chengdu. He was released later that day after…
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Liu, an activist who runs a website circulating information on human rights abuses, was sentenced to five years in prison and severe fines in January 2019 after his initial 2016 detention. He spent over a year in prison without access to a lawyer. He was accused of “inciting subversion of…

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Activist Liu Hanbin is well known for using his online platform to record and expose the injustices in China’s society and his independent reports on regional news in Inner Mongolia, which he shared widely on his WeChat account. He was arrested on December 10, 2024 for supporting farmers who had…
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A key figure in the Democracy Wall movement, Liu was arrested as one of the Beijing Fifteen dissidents in 1992 and sentenced to 15 years in prison for counter-revolutionary activities. He was released in November 2004, two and a half years before his sentence was due to expire. Liu was…
Writers at Risk Database Key:
STATUS box that is red: Active case
STATUS box that is black: Inactive case
PEN America is deeply grateful to the John Templeton Foundation for its generous support of the Freedom to Write Index and Writers at Risk Database.
PEN America thanks the PEN International Secretariat and the Writers in Prison Committee for their extensive contributions to and collaboration on compiling the cases included in this database.