PEN America champions the freedom to write, recognizing the power of the word to transform the world. The bedrock work of the global PEN network is advocacy and assistance on behalf of individuals persecuted for their use of the written word or other forms of expression. PEN America’s Writers at Risk Database is a searchable catalog of the writers, journalists, academics, public intellectuals and others under threat around the world. The database includes historical cases PEN America has worked on from 1987 onwards; non-active cases are color-coded black. PEN America is grateful to the John Templeton Foundation for support that enabled the establishment of the Writers at Risk Database and to PEN International for their collaboration in assembling this database.

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Mutellip Imin, a student of Ilham Tohti, was arrested for his involvement with Tohti’s website Uyghurbiz, which aimed to promote mutual understanding between Uyghurs and Han Chinese. In 2014, he was sentenced in a secret trial to a lengthy prison term. Since 2018, he has been held incommunicado, with his…
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Mya Aye was surrounded at gunpoint and arrested on February 1, 2021, the first day of the coup. He was charged with “inciting ethnic hatred” using a 2014 email to a Chinese official regarding the peace process in Myanmar. He was sentenced on March 10, 2022 to two years in…

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Myint Myint Zin, also known by her pen name Daw Kyi Lin Aye, is a Burmese poet and teacher. She was tragically killed along other demonstrators on March 3, 2021, during a demonstration in Monywa, Myanmar, when police opened fire on the crowd. In what would be her final wish,…
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Police arrested opinion writer and reporter Mykola Semena seven months after he wrote an article in 2015 denouncing Russia’s annexation of Crimea. On conditional release post-arrest, he received a 2-year suspended sentence in 2017 on the charge of separatism. On January 15, 2020, a Crimean court ruled to terminate Semena’s…

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Poet, translator, and teacher Myo Tazar Maung was arrested on September 20, 2021, after he posted on Facebook expressing criticism regarding the military government. He was charged with Section 505(b) of the Penal Code, which criminalizes speech that “is likely to cause fear or alarm in the public,” and was…
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Award-winning academic, researcher, and professor at Minzu and Xinjiang Universities, Habibullah is serving a 15-year sentence for unknown charges. His arrest and imprisonment are suspected to be tied to the Chinese crusade on Uyghur intellectuals, as his area of expertise and published works focused on Uyghur culture and language. Habibullah…
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Nadera Shalhoub-Kevorkian, a feminist scholar and writer, has faced ongoing harassment over her academic work and political views. Suspended then reinstated from Hebrew University on March 14 and 27, 2024 respectively, Professor Shalhoub-Kervorkian was detained, subjected to degrading treatment, and interrogated for alleged “incitement of terrorism” on April 18. Despite…
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Nadhir Al-Majid was arrested and sentenced to seven years in prison in January 2017 in connection with an opinion piece he wrote in 2011 titled “I protest, therefore I am,” supporting the right to protest in the Shia city of Al-Qatif. Despite his attempt for appeal, Al-Majid’s prison sentence, which…
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Ibrahim, a poet, was arrested without charge in January 2018, and held incommunicado at the Central Police Station. In March, she was charged with “bringing the nation or the state into contempt” and sentenced to 3 years in prison. She was released via a pardon in May 2018.
Writers at Risk Database Key:
STATUS box that is red: Active case
STATUS box that is black: Inactive case
PEN America is deeply grateful to the John Templeton Foundation for its generous support of the Freedom to Write Index and Writers at Risk Database.
PEN America thanks the PEN International Secretariat and the Writers in Prison Committee for their extensive contributions to and collaboration on compiling the cases included in this database.